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Lukaschyk, Julia; Abel, Jakob; Brockmann-Bauser, Meike; Keilmann, Annerose; Braun, Angelika; Rohlfs, Anna-Katharina – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2021
Purpose: The Vocal Tract Discomfort Scale (VTD Scale) is a self-rating questionnaire investigating physical symptoms in the larynx associated with vocal pathology. The aim of this work was to investigate the reliability, validity, sensitivity, and specificity of the first German version and to provide normative data with thresholds for pathology…
Descriptors: Questionnaires, Symptoms (Individual Disorders), Voice Disorders, Test Validity
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Waldow, Florian – Comparative Education Review, 2014
In societies following a meritocratic ideal, educational certificates and examinations play a key role in allocating life chances to individuals. Procedures for allocating life chances need to be perceived as fair by those concerned if examinations and certificates are to possess legitimacy. This article traces and compares basic conceptions of…
Descriptors: Justice, Foreign Countries, Ethics, Comparative Education
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Roivainen, Eka – Intelligence, 2010
For this study, European WAIS III performance subtest norms were compared to the original US norms. When European WAIS III raw scores were scored using US norms, the resulting perceptual organization index (POI) means were significantly higher than the processing speed index (PSI) means. The POI/PSI difference is roughly 5-10 points for the German…
Descriptors: Intelligence Tests, Comparative Analysis, Foreign Countries, Test Norms