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Mittelstädt, Victor; Mackenzie, Ian Grant; Koob, Valentin; Janczyk, Markus – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2023
In the present study, we examined how the relevance of potentially distracting information modulates the interplay of target and distractor processing in conflict tasks. Specifically, we manipulated the degree to which distracting information is relevant for performing the overall task by varying the proportion of trials in which a response to the…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Attention Control, Conflict, Task Analysis
Friehs, Maximilian A.; Dechant, Martin; Schäfer, Sarah; Mandryk, Regan L. – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2022
One important aspect of cognitive control is the ability to stop a response in progress and motivational aspects, such as self-relevance, which may be able to influence this ability. We test the influence of self-relevance on stopping specifically if increased self-relevance enhances reactive response inhibition. We measured stopping capabilities…
Descriptors: Inhibition, Self Control, Responses, Video Games
Li, Yangping; Beaty, Roger E.; Luchini, Simone; Dai, David Yun; Xiang, Shuoqi; Qi, Senqing; Li, Yadan; Zhao, Ruili; Wang, Xuewei; Hu, Weiping – Creativity Research Journal, 2023
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) has been shown to enhance divergent and convergent creative thinking. Yet, how stimulation impacts creative performance over time, and what cognitive mechanisms underlie any such enhancement, remain largely unanswered questions. In the present research,…
Descriptors: Brain Hemisphere Functions, Creative Thinking, Cognitive Processes, Inhibition
Ren, Zhi; Liang, Xiao; Sun, Fanhui; Wang, Lijuan – European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 2023
Prospective memory (PM) is vital for children to live independently. Theoretical and empirical evidence has shown that executive function (EF) plays an important role in children's PM. However, there is no EF training for the PM of school-age children. Therefore, a 4-week EF training programme was conducted in this study to investigate the…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Memory, Transfer of Training, Children
Jones, Desiree R.; Dallman, Aaron; Harrop, Clare; Whitten, Allison; Pritchett, Jill; Lecavalier, Luc; Bodfish, James W.; Boyd, Brian A. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2022
This study evaluates the feasibility of the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery (NIH-TCB) for use in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). 116 autistic children and adolescents and 80 typically developing (TD) controls, ages 3-17 years, completed four NIH-TCB tasks related to inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility, processing speed, and episodic memory.…
Descriptors: Cognitive Tests, Cognitive Ability, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders
Kampis, Dora; Lukowski Duplessy, Helle; Askitis, Dimitrios; Southgate, Victoria – Child Development, 2023
People sometimes commit 'egocentric errors', failing to ignore their own perspective when interpreting others' communication. Training imitation-inhibition, when participants perform the opposite action from another person, facilitates subsequent perspective-taking in adults. This study tested whether imitation-inhibition training also facilitates…
Descriptors: Perspective Taking, Imitation, Inhibition, Self Concept
Thomas, Sheila; Shipp, Nicholas J.; Ryder, Nuala – Child Language Teaching and Therapy, 2022
It has been hypothesised that executive function deficits, specifically inhibition difficulties, may play a central role in Developmental Language Disorder (DLD). The presented study compared the response inhibition abilities of typically developing preschool children, with monolingual and bilingual preschool children who had already been classed…
Descriptors: Inhibition, Preschool Children, At Risk Students, Developmental Disabilities
Donnelly, Seamus; Kidd, Evan – Cognitive Science, 2021
There is consensus that the adult lexicon exhibits lexical competition. In particular, substantial evidence demonstrates that words with more phonologically similar neighbors are recognized less efficiently than words with fewer neighbors. How and when these effects emerge in the child's lexicon is less clear. In the current paper, we build on…
Descriptors: Vocabulary Development, Language Acquisition, English, Task Analysis
Ashkenazi, Sarit; Blum-Cahana, Iris Y. – Applied Cognitive Psychology, 2023
The current study highlights the importance of inhibitory ability in facilitating performance in mathematics. To understand the role of inhibition in mathematical knowledge, this study tested 102 college students on a series of standardized complex math exercises. Inhibition tasks varied by task and stimuli (letters, numbers, and arrows). The…
Descriptors: Inhibition, Mathematics Instruction, Cognitive Processes, Knowledge Level
Cañigueral, Roser; Barron, Katherine; Steinbeis, Nikolaus – Developmental Psychology, 2023
The present study used a novel, well-controlled paradigm to investigate the development of cool, hot-positive, and hot-negative inhibitory control in a sample of children (6- to 11-year-old; N = 38, 21 females), adolescents (12- to 18-year-old; N = 38, 24 females), and adults (19- to 38-year-old; N = 38, 28 females; sample location: United…
Descriptors: Inhibition, Self Control, Elementary School Students, Child Development
Radwa Khalil; Lin Lin; Ahmed A. Karim; Ben Godde – Creativity Research Journal, 2023
Why can some people generate outstanding creative ideas despite receiving frustrating feedback? Although previous studies highlighted the effects of emotional states on creativity, the interactions between specific psychophysiological emotional parameters or affective states and response inhibition (RI) on creativity remain elusive. Therefore,…
Descriptors: Creative Thinking, Psychological Patterns, Concept Formation, Creativity
Willoughby, Michael T.; Hong, Yihua; Hudson, Kesha N.; Wylie, Amanda – Grantee Submission, 2020
This study tested whether the bivariate association between simple reaction time (SRT) and executive function (EF) performance that has been observed in early childhood represented a between- and/or within-person association. Up to three repeated assessments (i.e., fall, winter, and spring assessments from September to May) were available for 282…
Descriptors: Reaction Time, Executive Function, Preschool Children, Individual Differences
Moretti, Luca; Koch, Iring; Steinhauser, Marco; Schuch, Stefanie – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2021
Studies of switching between tasks and studies of error commission have both provided solid behavioral measures of executive control. Nonetheless, a gap remains between these strands of research. In three experiments we sought to reduce this gap by assessing the impact of task errors on N-2 repetition costs, an effect supposedly related to…
Descriptors: Task Analysis, Error Patterns, Cognitive Ability, Attention Control
Silverman, Irwin W. – International Journal of Behavioral Development, 2021
Bjorklund and Kipp (1996) hypothesized that due to selection processes operative during human evolution, females have an inborn advantage over males in the ability to suppress inappropriate responses on tasks in the behavioral and social domains. To test this hypothesis, a meta-analysis was conducted on gender differences on simple delay tasks in…
Descriptors: Task Analysis, Meta Analysis, Inhibition, Gender Differences
Bingyi Liu; Keke Yu; John W. Schwieter; Peiling Sun; Ruiming Wang – International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 2024
The relationship between language switching and task switching has been well studied in bilingualism literature. This study employs novel experiments involving magnitude-parity switching and transparency-orientation switching and compares the costs associated with these two types of task switching with language switching. Switching costs and the…
Descriptors: Correlation, Psycholinguistics, Code Switching (Language), Bilingualism