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Concurrent and Longitudinal Associations of Peers' Acceptance with Emotion and Effortful Control in Kindergarten
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Hernández, Maciel M.; Eisenberg, Nancy; Valiente, Carlos; Diaz, Anjolii; VanSchyndel, Sarah K.; Berger, Rebecca H.; Terrell, Nathan; Silva, Kassondra M.; Spinrad, Tracy L.; Southworth, Jody – International Journal of Behavioral Development, 2017
The purpose of the study was to evaluate bidirectional associations between peer acceptance and both emotion and effortful control during kindergarten (N = 301). In both the fall and spring semesters, we obtained peer nominations of acceptance, measures of positive and negative emotion based on naturalistic observations in school (i.e., classroom,…
Descriptors: Peer Acceptance, Emotional Response, Self Control, Kindergarten
Components of Effortful Control and Their Relations to Children's Shyness
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Eggum-Wilkens, Natalie D.; Reichenberg, Ray E.; Eisenberg, Nancy; Spinrad, Tracy L. – International Journal of Behavioral Development, 2016
Relations between children's (n = 213) mother-reported effortful control components (attention focusing, attention shifting, inhibitory control at 42 months; activational control at 72 months) and mother-reported shyness trajectories across 42, 54, 72, and 84 months of age were examined. In growth models, shyness decreased. Inhibitory control and…
Descriptors: Shyness, Cognitive Processes, Young Children, Child Development
Are Effortful and Reactive Control Unique Constructs in Young Children?
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Eisenberg, Nancy; Edwards, Alison; Spinrad, Tracy L.; Sallquist, Julie; Eggum, Natalie D.; Reiser, Mark – Developmental Psychology, 2013
The primary goal of this study was to examine whether effortful control (EC; effortful regulation), reactive undercontrol (IMP; e.g., impulsivity, speed of approach), and reactive overcontrol (NOV; inhibition to novelty) were 3 distinct constructs at 30 months (Time 1; n = 216), 42 months (Time 2; n = 192), and 54 months (Time 3; n = 168) of age.…
Descriptors: Children, Conceptual Tempo, Self Control, Inhibition
Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia, Effortful Control, and Parenting as Predictors of Children's Sympathy across Early Childhood
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Taylor, Zoe E.; Eisenberg, Nancy; Spinrad, Tracy L. – Developmental Psychology, 2015
The goal of this study was to examine physiological and environmental predictors of children's sympathy (an emotional response consisting of feelings of concern or sorrow for others who are distressed or in need) and whether temperamental effortful control mediated these relations. Specifically, in a study of 192 children (23% Hispanic; 54%…
Descriptors: Physiology, Environmental Influences, Predictor Variables, Children
Shyness and Children's Emotionality, Regulation, and Coping: Contemporaneous, Longitudinal, and Across-Context Relations.
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Eisenberg, Nancy; Shepard, Stephanie A.; Fabes, Richard A.; Murphy, Bridget C.; Guthrie, Ivanna K. – Child Development, 1998
Examined the relations of teachers' and parents' reports of children's shyness at ages 6-8, 8-10, and 10-12 years to dispositional regulation, emotionality, and coping. The overall pattern of findings was partially consistent with the conclusion that parent-rated shyness reflected primarily social wariness with unfamiliar people, whereas…
Descriptors: Affective Behavior, Age Differences, Child Development, Context Effect
The Relations of Effortful Control and Ego Control to Children's Resiliency and Social Functioning.
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Eisenberg, Nancy; Valiente, Carlos; Fabes, Richard A.; Smith, Cynthia L.; Reiser, Mark; Shepard, Stephanie A.; Losoya, Sandra H.; Guthrie, Ivanna K.; Murphy, Bridget C.; Cumberland, Amanda J. – Developmental Psychology, 2003
Examined relations of effortful control and ego control to children's resiliency, social status, and social competence concurrently (Time 3) and over time. Found that at Time 3, resiliency mediated the unique relations of effortful and reactive control to social status, and effortful control directly predicted socially appropriate behavior.…
Descriptors: Children, Inhibition, Longitudinal Studies, Peer Acceptance
Developmental Differences in the Understanding of and Reaction to Others' Inhibition of Emotional Expression.
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Rotenberg, Ken J.; Eisenberg, Nancy – Developmental Psychology, 1997
Kindergarten through college students heard stories or observed peer interactions in which the protagonist or the peer expressed or did not express emotion when encountering events that caused (relevant-inhibitory) or did not cause (irrelevant) inhibition of an emotion. Kindergartners judged that relevant-inhibitory causes decreased peers'…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Attribution Theory, College Students, Elementary School Students