In this article, the author talks about labored learning under the auspices of the "outing program" of Sherman Institute, an Indian boarding school in Riverside, California. The outing system functioned as a vital part of a larger federal Indian boarding school system that sought, in the words of historian Matthew Sakiestewa Gilbert, to…

In this article, the author talks about schooling and the development of literacy within Algonquian communities in eighteenth-century southern New England. With the founding of Moor's Indian Charity School in Lebanon, Connecticut, in 1754, congregational minister Eleazar Wheelock launched an educational regimen that aimed to Christianize and…

Using storytelling from his experiences with the Western Apache, Keith Basso elaborates the notion that "wisdom sits in places," that is, the way in which social and cultural knowledge and guidance--wisdom--is based on experience. Because experience occurs in places, landscapes (and their stories and place names) can come to encode social and…

In this article, the author makes a case for a greater understanding of Native research and how the academy can learn from it to become more sensitive to the concerns of the research constituencies. How academics handle the intellectual property that results from their research is also critical. What they make public and what they decide is better…

In the 1960s an increasing number of Native Americans began to express the need for an Indian college or university. Three major developments of the decade inspired them. The first was the rise of Indian activism in the 1960s. The second major development was the package of socioeconomic reforms of the Great Society, inaugurated by President…

Several social and biological scientists who have Native status are engaged in productive research careers, but the encouragement that has been offered to Native students to formulate career goals devoted to cancer etiology or cancer control in Native peoples has had limited success. Hence, the Native Researchers' Cancer Control Training Program…

Traces the history of education for American Indian children from 1890-1934, focusing not only on government boarding schools, day schools, and private contract schools, but also on state-supported elementary and secondary schools. Discusses implications of the Dawes Act, Meriam Report, and Johnson-O'Malley Act.

Traces the development of the English-as-a-second-language program for American Indian students at Hampton Institute (Virginia), beginning in 1878. Describes how Hampton teachers reexamined their practices in light of students' experiences and experimented with new pedagogical approaches and theories, some of which would become tenets of…

Examines "bimaadiziwin"--the moral structure of traditional Anishinaabe (Chippewa) religion, which is providing past-present continuity in Anishinaabe worldview. Discusses the teachings of bimaadiziwin ("good life") as governing human relations with nature and social relations, storytelling as a medium for moral teachings, an…

Describes the urban context and multitribal demographics of the Puyallup Reservation (Washington), and the history of Chief Leschi Schools (pre-K-12)--a multicampus provider of educational and social services to Native youth living on or near the reservation. Discusses problems of substance abuse and violence; community-, family-, school-, and…

By the late 19th century, the military extermination of Indians was proving a failure and an embarrassment. Reformist Congressmen, including Thaddeus Pound, formulated a new policy based on land allotment and assimilation through boarding school education. Though framed in humanitarian terms, the primary goal was the removal of Indian resistance…

Many American Indian students are alienated from schooling by the obvious disparities and conflicts between language usage in the oral tradition of their communities and that required in written academic discourse. A community-based language model used with Lakota college students empowers students by teaching critical writing that fuses…

The National Science Foundation funds a two-year course in environmental resources management at Northwest Indian College on the Lummi Reservation (Washington). The course emphasizes co-articulation of tribal and Western knowledge, a non-abandonment policy toward students, an interdisciplinary approach, and developmental education that begins at…

Highlights the history of Californian (Luiseno), the native language of Baja California, including how the language was recorded by a young Mexican student at the Vatican's missionary school, the Collegium Urbanum in Rome. Discusses the political impact of the grammatical recording and subsequent translation of the language during the mid-19th…

Clarence Hawkins, a White Mountain Apache, escaped from the Albuquerque Indian School around 1920. His 300-mile trip home, made with two other boys, exemplifies the reaction of many Indian youths to the American government's plans for cultural assimilation. The tale is told in the form of traditional Apache narrative. (TD)