Participation by women in undergraduate higher education in the U.S. has been steadily increasing over the last decade. These increases are now extending into graduate and professional education where more women than men now earn degrees at the doctoral level. While U.S. institutions overall are awarding degrees in the fields of medicine and dentistry to women in near equal proportion to that of men, it is still unclear if any genders differences in degree production in these fields exists between institutions based upon institutional characteristics. This study used quantitative research methods to analyze data from the National Center for Education Statistics Integrated Postsecondary Data System (NCES IPEDS) Data Center on professional degree completions in medicine and dentistry at all U.S. institutions during the 2014-2015 academic year in order to determine the relationship between various institutional characteristics and degree production by women. The study found that institutional characteristics could be used to explain variations in medical degree production by gender, but not in dental degree production. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]