This annual publication examines political, legal, social, and educational issues concerning indigenous peoples around the world during 1995-96. Part I highlights news events and ongoing situations in specific countries, including threats to indigenous territories, human rights violations, political victories, developments at the United Nations, and activism by indigenous women. In the Arctic, resolutions adopted at the 7th Inuit Circumpolar Conference were concerned with self-determination, conflict over Inuit rights to harvest bowhead whales, ongoing conflict between the Gwich'in and Inuit peoples in northeastern Alaska over oil drilling on indigenous land, and continued efforts of indigenous organizations to preserve subsistence hunting and fishing rights. In North America, news events and ongoing situations include: (1) conflict between Canada's Lubicon Indian Band and the Daishowa Paper Company and UNOCAL sour gas plant regarding the environmental degradation of Native land and harmful health effects; (2) the Canadian government's role in the continued exploitation of mineral rights by foreign industries in northern Labrador; (3) organized efforts of the Blackfeet, Western Shoshone, and Apache tribes to protect Native lands and sacred sites in the United States; and (4) the Leonard Peltier case. Additional sections cover Mexico and countries of Central America, South America, the Pacific and Australia, east Asia, southeast Asia, south Asia, and Africa. Part II describes work on behalf of indigenous rights in the United Nations with regard self-determination, land and resource rights, access to education, and the provision of culturally relevant education. Contains maps, photographs, and a list of IWGIA publications. (LP)