The quantity and quality of talented individuals in STEM (science/S, technology/T, engineering/E and mathematics/M) fields contribute to a nation's overall competitiveness. Taiwan and many countries around the world are vigorously promoting the training of STEM professionals and the enhancement of STEM literacy for all as one of the key education objectives. Aiming to achieve the following two goals, this book is compiled and published: (1) to strengthen mutual understanding and connections between Taiwan and other highly competitive countries in the area of STEM education; and (2) to give highly competitive countries the opportunity to share their experiences in STEM education. Two editors-in-chief formulated manuscript guidelines including cross-country comparison components. Then, they invited STEM educators from 10 countries in the top 15 countries/economies in the International Institute for Management Development (IMD) World Competitiveness Ranking 2021 to follow the guidelines to write up country-specific chapters. After that, they conducted a peer review of all manuscripts and requested authors to make necessary revisions, and made a cross-country comparison which was presented as the 11th chapter. In addition to the 11th chapter, this book compiles country-specific articles about the STEM education background, the status of STEM education, and trends and issues in STEM education from 10 countries, namely Canada, Finland, Germany, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Ireland, Singapore, Sweden, Taiwan, the United Arab Emirates, and the United States of America. Twenty authors of the 11 chapters are listed in this book. [This book was published by Technological and Vocational Education Research Center (TVERC), National Taiwan Normal University, and K-12 Education Administration (K12EA), Ministry of Education, Taiwan.]