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Hiebert, Elfrieda H. – Reading Teacher, 2022
According to interpretations of results from the latest oral reading fluency (ORF) study conducted by the National Assessment of Educational Progress (White et al., 2020), fourth-grade students who score below the basic standard require interventions that focus on word recognition, phonological decoding, and fluency. Before such mandates for…
Descriptors: National Competency Tests, Reading Tests, Oral Reading, Reading Fluency
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Rasinski, Timothy V. – Reading Teacher, 2017
Research has indicated that a large percentage of primary-grade students who struggle in reading have not achieved full competency in the foundational reading competencies (word recognition and fluency). In this article, the author argues that more intensive instruction of the foundational competencies is needed and proposes a simple lesson…
Descriptors: Reading Difficulties, Reading Instruction, Reading Improvement, Reading Comprehension