The purpose of this study was to compare the perceptions of principals and professional school counselors regarding what they believe to be the ideal role of the counselor in the elementary school setting. A total of 152 participants were solicited to participate in this study. Of those 152 solicited, a total of 130 actually completed the survey. All elementary principals and professional school counselors from an urban school district in a South Atlantic state were asked to participate. The Public School Counselor Role Ambiguity Questionnaire (Ross & Herrington, 2006) was utilized to measure the independent and dependent variables in this study. The data analysis proceeded in two stages: descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. The findings were (a) there was a statistically significant difference between the professional school counselors and principals on their perceptions of role drift in the elementary school setting, (b) there was not a statistically significant relationship between the participants' years of experience and their perceptions of role drift in the elementary school setting, and (c) there was not a statistically significant difference between the counselors who have administrative duties and counselors who do not have administrative duties on their perceptions of role drift in the elementary school setting. It is expected that principals will be able to utilize this research within elementary schools to assess whether they are making the most effective and efficient use of professional school counselors' time. This study potentially provides a baseline from which specific recommendations can be made for guidance counseling programs in all of the elementary schools. During this time of greater accountability, it is also necessary for professional school counselors to be able to perform their tasks of the American School Counselor Association model. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]