Educational experts have criticized status models of school accountability, as required by the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB), describing them as ineffectual in measuring achievement because their one-time assessment of student knowledge ignores student growth. Research on student achievement has instead identified growth models as superior school accountability models because these models offer control of variables known to affect student learning, a limitation of status models. In addition, past research using multilevel modeling (MLM) to model growth has been limited to two levels, impeding researchers' ability to control for variables known to affect learning. To address this limitation, a three-level MLM was used to model student growth while controlling for student- and school-specific variables. Using 305 observations consisting of three years of standardized test scores for 8th and 9th grade students, this study modeled the relationship between student and school-specific variables, such as previous course grades and socioeconomic status. This research used a nonexperimental, time series design and a three-level MLM to predict future scores on growth trajectories. The comparison between the predicted and actual scores was significant. The most significant variables in this prediction included race and whether students received special education and English language learner services, which two-level models could not assess. This study provided evidence that the relationship between student- and school-specific parameters can be identified using a three-level MLM analysis. MLM offers school leaders a sophisticated method to predict students' future achievement and identify the significant variables that warrant focus and remediation. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]