Tony Bates is a world-known expert on distance education. He has published extensively on both traditional and contemporary distance learning practices. Besides teaching courses and delivering seminars in the area of distance education, he has also provided consultancy with a number of institutions around the world. These include both formal and…

M. David Merrill is a leading figure in the field of educational technology and instructional design. He has been contributing to our field for about half a century. His contributions have particularly focused on instructional strategies and fundamental learning principles more than the use of educational media and their influences. He has devised…