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Mason, Anna E.; Braasch, Jason L. G.; Greenberg, Daphne; Kessler, Erica D.; Allen, Laura K.; McNamara, Danielle S. – Reading Psychology, 2023
This study examined the extent to which prior beliefs and reading instructions impacted elements of a reader's mental representation of multiple texts. College students' beliefs about childhood vaccinations were assessed before reading two anti-vaccine and two pro-vaccine texts. Participants in the experimental condition read for the purpose of…
Descriptors: Immunization Programs, Misconceptions, Beliefs, Accuracy
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Balyan, Renu; McCarthy, Kathryn S.; McNamara, Danielle S. – International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 2020
For decades, educators have relied on readability metrics that tend to oversimplify dimensions of text difficulty. This study examines the potential of applying advanced artificial intelligence methods to the educational problem of assessing text difficulty. The combination of hierarchical machine learning and natural language processing (NLP) is…
Descriptors: Natural Language Processing, Artificial Intelligence, Man Machine Systems, Classification
Balyan, Renu; McCarthy, Kathryn S.; McNamara, Danielle S. – Grantee Submission, 2020
For decades, educators have relied on readability metrics that tend to oversimplify dimensions of text difficulty. This study examines the potential of applying advanced artificial intelligence methods to the educational problem of assessing text difficulty. The combination of hierarchical machine learning and natural language processing (NLP) is…
Descriptors: Natural Language Processing, Artificial Intelligence, Man Machine Systems, Classification
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Balyan, Renu; McCarthy, Kathryn S.; McNamara, Danielle S. – Grantee Submission, 2018
While hierarchical machine learning approaches have been used to classify texts into different content areas, this approach has, to our knowledge, not been used in the automated assessment of text difficulty. This study compared the accuracy of four classification machine learning approaches (flat, one-vs-one, one-vs-all, and hierarchical) using…
Descriptors: Artificial Intelligence, Classification, Comparative Analysis, Prediction
Wang, Zuowei; O'Reilly, Tenaha; Sabatini, John; McCarthy, Kathryn S.; McNamara, Danielle S. – Grantee Submission, 2021
We compared high school students' performance in a traditional comprehension assessment requiring them to identify key information and draw inferences from single texts, and a scenario-based assessment (SBA) requiring them to integrate, evaluate and apply information across multiple sources. Both assessments focused on a non-academic topic.…
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, High School Students, Inferences, Reading Tests
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McCarthy, Kathryn S.; Guerrero, Tricia A.; Kent, Kevin M.; Allen, Laura K.; McNamara, Danielle S.; Chao, Szu-Fu; Steinberg, Jonathan; O'Reilly, Tenaha; Sabatini, John – Discourse Processes: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2018
Background knowledge is a strong predictor of reading comprehension, yet little is known about how different types of background knowledge affect comprehension. The study investigated the impacts of both domain and topic-specific background knowledge on students' ability to comprehend and learn from science texts. High school students (n = 3,650)…
Descriptors: Knowledge Level, Reading Comprehension, High School Students, Pretests Posttests