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Register Variation in Spoken and Written Language Use across Technology-Mediated and Non-Technology-Mediated Learning Environments
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Kyle, Kristopher; Eguchi, Masaki; Choe, Ann Tai; LaFlair, Geoff – Language Testing, 2022
In the realm of language proficiency assessments, the domain description inference and the extrapolation inference are key components of a validity argument. Biber et al.'s description of the lexicogrammatical features of the spoken and written registers in the T2K-SWAL corpus has served as support for the TOEFL iBT test's domain description and…
Descriptors: Language Variation, Written Language, Speech Communication, Inferences
A Comparison of Spoken and Written Language Use in Traditional and Technology-Mediated Learning Environments. TOEFL® Research Report. RR-94. ETS RR-21-16
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Kyle, Kristopher; Choe, Ann Tai; Eguchi, Masaki; LaFlair, Geoff; Ziegler, Nicole – ETS Research Report Series, 2021
A key piece of a validity argument for a language assessment tool is clear overlap between assessment tasks and the target language use (TLU) domain (i.e., the domain description inference). The TOEFL 2000 Spoken and Written Academic Language (T2K-SWAL) corpus, which represents a variety of academic registers and disciplines in traditional…
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Second Language Learning, English (Second Language), Language Tests