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Wronowski, Meredith L.; Thornton, Margaret; Razavi-Maleki, Bita; Witcher, Angelica W.; Duarte, Bryan J. – Teachers College Record, 2022
Background/Context: In this study, we draw on evolving definitions of opportunity to learn (OTL) to conceptualize mathematics OTL has having two main components: structural OTL, defined by gatekeeping access to specific mathematics courses through the process of tracking, and instructional OTL, defined by the learning experiences of students in…
Descriptors: Educational Opportunities, Mathematics Achievement, High School Students, Access to Education
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Yeh, Stuart S. – Teachers College Record, 2017
Background: Value-added modeling (VAM) has been used to rank teachers and assess teacher and school quality. The apparent relationship between value-added teacher rankings and gains in student performance provide a foundation for the view that the contribution of teachers to student performance is the largest factor influencing student…
Descriptors: Achievement Gap, Value Added Models, Teacher Effectiveness, Academic Achievement