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Direct linkLee, Hee-Sun; Liu, Ou Lydia – Science Education, 2010
We use a construct-based assessment approach to measure learning progression of energy concepts across physical, life, and earth science contexts in middle school grades. We model the knowledge integration construct in six levels in terms of the numbers of ideas and links used in student-generated explanations. For this study, we selected 10 items…
Descriptors: Middle School Students, Standardized Tests, Earth Science, Energy
Liu, Ou Lydia; Lee, Hee-Sun; Linn, Marcia C. – Educational Assessment, 2011
Both multiple-choice and constructed-response items have known advantages and disadvantages in measuring scientific inquiry. In this article we explore the function of explanation multiple-choice (EMC) items and examine how EMC items differ from traditional multiple-choice and constructed-response items in measuring scientific reasoning. A group…
Descriptors: Science Tests, Multiple Choice Tests, Responses, Test Items
