This volume provides unique and valuable firsthand accounts of the most important longitudinal studies of attachment. Presented are a range of research programs that have broadened the understanding of early close relationships and their role in individual adaptation throughout life. In addition to discussing the findings that emerged from each study, leading investigators offer rare reflections on the process of scientific discovery. Themes addressed include the complexities of designing studies that span years or even decades; challenges in translating theoretical constructs into age-appropriate assessments; how Bowlby's original models have been refined and expanded; and how attachment interacts with other key influences on development. The following 11 essays are included in this book: (1) Ethology and Attachment Theory (Robert A. Hinde); (2) In Pursuit of the Internal Working Model Construct and Its Relevance to Attachment Relationships (Inge Bretherton); (3) Placing Early Attachment Experiences in Developmental Context: The Minnesota Longitudinal Study (L. Alan Sroufe, Byron Egeland, Elizabeth Carlson, and W. Andrew Collins); (4) Attachment Theory and Research in Ecological Perspective: Insights from the Pennsylvania Infant and Family Development Project and the NICHD Study of Early Child Care (Jay Belsky); (5) Early Care and the Roots of Attachment and Partnership Representations: The Bielefeld and Regensburg Longitudinal Studies (Karin Grossmann, Klaus E. Grossmann, and Heinz Kindler); (6) Understanding and Resolving Emotional Conflict: The London Parent-Child Project (Howard Steele and Miriam Steele); (7) Correlates of Attachment to Multiple Caregivers in Kibbutz Children from Birth to Emerging Adulthood: The Haifa Longitudinal Study (Avi Sagi-Schwartz and Ora Aviezer); (8) The Interplay between Attachment, Temperament, and Maternal Style: A Madingley Perspective (Joan Stevenson-Hinde); (9) Attachment Representations, Secure-Base Behavior, and the Evolution of Adult Relationships: The Stony Brook Adult Relationships Project (Judith Crowell and Everett Waters); (10) Predictability of Attachment Behavior and Representational Processes at 1, 6, and 19 Years of Age: The Berkeley Longitudinal Study (Mary Main, Erik Hesse, and Nancy Kaplan); and (11) Lessons from the Longitudinal Studies of Attachment (Mary Dozier, Melissa Manni, and Oliver Lindhiem).