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Deming, John C.; O'Donnell, Jacqueline R.; Malone, Christopher J. – Science Educator, 2012
Prior research suggests that students' understanding of scientific concepts is pre-determined by their reasoning ability. Other efforts suggest that American students' scientific literacy is in decline. One difficulty Bybee (2009) acknowledges is that there are two divergent philosophical models of scientific literacy. The first describes the…
Descriptors: Thinking Skills, Scientific Concepts, National Norms, Scientific Literacy
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Banks, Debra L.; Elser,Monica; Saltz, Charlene – Environmental Education Research, 2005
The Central Arizona-Phoenix Long-Term Ecological Research (CAP LTER) project includes training elementary and secondary teachers. This training component, Ecology Explorers (EE), prepares teachers in grades 4 through 12 to teach about ecological principles and processes. The EE pedagogy employs scientific inquiry and data collection protocols.…
Descriptors: Teaching Methods, Program Effectiveness, Scientific Methodology, Elementary Secondary Education