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Direct linkHuang, Ying-Zu; Rothwell, John C.; Lu, Chin-Song; Chuang, Wen-Li; Chen, Rou-Shayn – Brain, 2011
Levodopa-induced dyskinesia is a major complication of long-term dopamine replacement therapy for Parkinson's disease that becomes increasingly problematic in advanced Parkinson's disease. Although the cause of levodopa-induced dyskinesias is still unclear, recent work in animal models of the corticostriatal system has suggested that…
Descriptors: Diseases, Patients, Neurological Impairments, Drug Therapy
Samaranch, Lluis; Lorenzo-Betancor, Oswaldo; Arbelo, Jose M.; Ferrer, Isidre; Lorenzo, Elena; Irigoyen, Jaione; Pastor, Maria A.; Marrero, Carmen; Isla, Concepcion; Herrera-Henriquez, Joanna; Pastor, Pau – Brain, 2010
Phosphatase and tensin homolog-induced putative kinase 1 gene mutations have been associated with autosomal recessive early-onset Parkinson's disease. To date, no neuropathological reports have been published from patients with Parkinson's disease with both phosphatase and tensin homolog-induced putative kinase 1 gene copies mutated. We analysed…
Descriptors: Diseases, Pathology, Patients, Genetics
Allman, Melissa J.; Meck, Warren H. – Brain, 2012
Distortions in time perception and timed performance are presented by a number of different neurological and psychiatric conditions (e.g. Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism). As a consequence, the primary focus of this review is on factors that define or produce systematic changes in the…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Schizophrenia, Information Processing, Time Perspective
Williams-Gray, Caroline H.; Evans, Jonathan R.; Goris, An; Foltynie, Thomas; Ban, Maria; Robbins, Trevor W.; Brayne, Carol; Kolachana, Bhaskar S.; Weinberger, Daniel R.; Sawcer, Stephen J.; Barker, Roger A. – Brain, 2009
Cognitive abnormalities are common in Parkinson's disease, with important social and economic implications. Factors influencing their evolution remain unclear but are crucial to the development of targeted therapeutic strategies. We have investigated the development of cognitive impairment and dementia in Parkinson's disease using a longitudinal…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Dementia, Diseases, At Risk Persons
Chung, Chee Yeun; Licznerski, Pawel; Alavian, Kambiz N.; Simeone, Antonio; Lin, Zhicheng; Martin, Eden; Vance, Jeffery; Isacson, Ole – Brain, 2010
Two adjacent groups of midbrain dopaminergic neurons, A9 (substantia nigra pars compacta) and A10 (ventral tegmental area), have distinct projections and exhibit differential vulnerability in Parkinson's disease. Little is known about transcription factors that influence midbrain dopaminergic subgroup phenotypes or their potential role in disease.…
Descriptors: Brain Hemisphere Functions, Neurological Impairments, Animals, Diseases
Parkinson's Disease and Dopaminergic Therapy--Differential Effects on Movement, Reward and Cognition
Rowe, J. B.; Hughes, L.; Ghosh, B. C. P.; Eckstein, D.; Williams-Gray, C. H.; Fallon, S.; Barker, R. A.; Owen, A. M. – Brain, 2008
Cognitive deficits are very common in Parkinson's disease particularly for "executive functions" associated with frontal cortico-striatal networks. Previous work has identified deficits in tasks that require attentional control like task-switching, and reward-based tasks like gambling or reversal learning. However, there is a complex…
Descriptors: Diseases, Patients, Rewards, Drug Therapy
Coulthard, Elizabeth J.; Bogacz, Rafal; Javed, Shazia; Mooney, Lucy K.; Murphy, Gillian; Keeley, Sophie; Whone, Alan L. – Brain, 2012
Even simple behaviour requires us to make decisions based on combining multiple pieces of learned and new information. Making such decisions requires both learning the optimal response to each given stimulus as well as combining probabilistic information from multiple stimuli before selecting a response. Computational theories of decision making…
Descriptors: Memory, Therapy, Brain, Decision Making
Bandopadhyay, Rina; Kingsbury, Ann E.; Cookson, Mark R.; Reid, Andrew R.; Evans, Ian M.; Hope, Andrew D.; Pittman, Alan M.; Lashley, Tammaryn; Canet-Aviles, Rosa; Miller, David W.; McLendon, Chris; Strand, Catherine; Leonard, Andrew J.; Abou-Sleiman, Patrick M.; Healy, Daniel G.; Ariga, Hiroyashi; Wood, Nicholas W.; de Silva, Rohan; Revesz, Tamas; Hardy, John A.; Lees, Andrew J. – Brain, 2004
Two mutations in the DJ-1 gene on chromosome1p36 have been identified recently to cause early-onset, autosomal recessive Parkinson's disease. As no information is available regarding the distribution of DJ-1 protein in the human brain, in this study we used a monoclonal antibody for DJ-1 to map its distribution in frontal cortex and substantia…
Descriptors: Diseases, Brain, Neurology, Neurological Impairments
Pinto, Serge; Thobois, Stephane; Costes, Nicolas; Le Bars, Didier; Benabid, Alim-Louis; Broussolle, Emmanuel; Pollak, Pierre; Gentil, Michele – Brain, 2004
In Parkinson's disease, functional imaging studies during limb motor tasks reveal cerebral activation abnormalities that can be reversed by subthalamic nucleus (STN) stimulation. The effect of STN stimulation on parkinsonian dysarthria has not, however, been investigated using PET. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of STN…
Descriptors: Stimulation, Diseases, Neurological Impairments, Diagnostic Tests
Foltynie, Thomas; Brayne, Carol E. G.; Robbins, Trevor W.; Barker, Roger A. – Brain, 2004
We have used multiple sources to identify a population-representative cohort of newly diagnosed patients with parkinsonism and Parkinson's disease in the UK over a 2-year period. All patients have been invited to participate in a detailed clinical assessment either at home or in an outpatient clinic. These assessments have been used to refine…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Neurological Impairments, Patients, Cognitive Ability
Devos, D.; Labyt, E.; Derambure, P.; Bourriez, J. L.; Cassim, F.; Reyns, N.; Blond, S.; Guieu, J. D.; Destee, A.; Defebvre, L. – Brain, 2004
In Parkinson's disease, impaired motor preparation has been related to an increased latency in the appearance of movement-related desynchronization (MRD) throughout the contralateral primary sensorimotor (PSM) cortex. Internal globus pallidus (GPi) stimulation improved movement desynchronization over the PSM cortex during movement execution but…
Descriptors: Patients, Diseases, Stimulation, Rating Scales
Moszczynska, Anna; Fitzmaurice, Paul; Ang, Lee; Kalasinsky, Kathryn S.; Schmunk, Gregory A.; Peretti, Frank J.; Aiken, Sally S.; Wickham, Dennis J.; Kish, Stephen J. – Brain, 2004
For more than 50 years, methamphetamine has been a widely used stimulant drug taken to maintain wakefulness and performance and, in high doses, to cause intense euphoria. Animal studies show that methamphetamine can cause short-term and even persistent depletion of brain levels of the neurotransmitter dopamine. However, the clinical features of…
Descriptors: Brain, Neurological Impairments, Diseases, Stimulants
