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Hoffman, Bobby – Learning and Individual Differences, 2010
This study investigated the role of self-efficacy beliefs, mathematics anxiety, and working memory capacity in problem-solving accuracy, response time, and efficiency (the ratio of problem-solving accuracy to response time). Pre-service teachers completed a mathematics anxiety inventory measuring cognitive and affective dispositions for…
Descriptors: Reaction Time, Self Efficacy, Problem Solving, Short Term Memory
Hoffman, Bobby; Schraw, Gregory – Learning and Individual Differences, 2009
We investigated the influence of self-efficacy beliefs and working memory capacity on mathematical problem-solving performance, response time, and efficiency (i.e., the ratio of problems solved correctly to time). Students completed a letter-recoding task (Experiment 1) or an operation span task (Experiment 2), rated their self-efficacy for…
Descriptors: Reaction Time, Self Efficacy, Problem Solving, Short Term Memory
Hoffman, Bobby; Spatariu, Alexandru – Contemporary Educational Psychology, 2008
A regression design was used to test the unique and interactive effects of self-efficacy beliefs and metacognitive prompting on solving mental multiplication problems while controlling for mathematical background knowledge and problem complexity. Problem-solving accuracy, response time, and efficiency (i.e. the ratio of problems solved correctly…
Descriptors: Control Groups, Reaction Time, Self Efficacy, Prompting
Hoffman, Bobby; Spatariu, Alexandru – Journal of Interactive Learning Research, 2011
A grounded theory approach was employed to explore the variation in strategies used by students when solving mental multiplication problems. Metacognitive prompts, externally generated stimuli that activate thoughtful cognition, were automatically generated via computer during the solving of mental multiplication problems to elicit awareness,…
Descriptors: Grounded Theory, Prompting, Multiplication, Preservice Teachers