Despite the fact that many researchers acknowledge the significance of ethnic identity to a person's psychological functioning, few empirical studies have focused on factors that may influence the process of ethnic identity development. An examination of the empirical literature on such factors can yield valuable information to help guide…

The practice of psychological intervention often relied on the ability of the therapist to understand how clients maintain a sense of relatedness to their world. Despite the many discontinuities of self-identity that affect the lives of clients, the success of therapy depends on clients' abilities to connect with human and nonhuman objects in…

This essay explores the ways in which certain aspects of personality are acquired through socialization. The intent was to gain a broader understanding as to how cultural norms, particularly sex roles, influence personality development. Socialization is discussed in terms of societal norms and standards transmitted by the institutions of the…