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Lee, Kerry; Bull, Rebecca; Ho, Ringo M. H. – Child Development, 2013
Although early studies of executive functioning in children supported Miyake et al.'s (2000) three-factor model, more recent findings supported a variety of undifferentiated or two-factor structures. Using a cohort-sequential design, this study examined whether there were age-related differences in the structure of executive functioning among…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Age Differences, Children, Adolescents
Lee, Kerry; Ng, Swee Fong; Pe, Madeline Lee; Ang, Su Yin; Hasshim, Muhammad Nabil Azhar Mohd; Bull, Rebecca – British Journal of Educational Psychology, 2012
Background: Exposure to mathematical pattern tasks is often deemed important for developing children's algebraic thinking skills. Yet, there is a dearth of evidence on the cognitive underpinnings of pattern tasks and how early competencies on these tasks are related to later development. Aims: We examined the domain-specific and domain-general…
Descriptors: Evidence, Structural Equation Models, Standardized Tests, Numeracy
Phillips, Louise H.; Bull, Rebecca; Allen, Roy; Insch, Pauline; Burr, Kirsty; Ogg, Will – Cognition, 2011
Older adults often perform poorly on Theory of Mind (ToM) tests that require understanding of others' beliefs and intentions. The course and specificity of age changes in belief reasoning across the adult lifespan is unclear, as is the cause of the age effects. Cognitive and neuropsychological models predict that two types of processing might…
Descriptors: Theory of Mind, Beliefs, Cognitive Processes, Adults
Lee, Kerry; Ng, Swee Fong; Bull, Rebecca – Developmental Psychology, 2018
Although algebra is a prerequisite for higher mathematics, few studies have examined the mathematical and cognitive capabilities that contribute to the development of algebra word problems solving skills. We examined changes in these relations from second to ninth grades. Using a cross-sequential design that spanned 4 years, children from 3…
Descriptors: Word Problems (Mathematics), Elementary School Students, Secondary School Students, Problem Solving
Bull, Rebecca; Espy, Kimberly Andrews; Senn, Theresa E. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2004
Background: The Towers of London (TOL) and Hanoi (TOH) have been viewed as equivalent measures of planning and/or problem solving, although recent evidence in adults suggests that the underlying measurement characteristics of these two tasks may differ. As tower tasks are one of the few instruments that can be used to assess executive functioning…
Descriptors: Inhibition, Young Children, Short Term Memory, Problem Solving
Bull, Rebecca; Phillips, Louise H.; Conway, Claire A. – Cognition, 2008
Conflicting evidence has arisen from correlational studies regarding the role of executive control functions in Theory of Mind. The current study used dual-task manipulations of executive functions (inhibition, updating and switching) to investigate the role of these control functions in mental state and non-mental state tasks. The "Eyes"…
Descriptors: Visual Measures, Cognitive Development, Cognitive Processes, Task Analysis
Lee, Kerry; Ng, Swee Fong; Bull, Rebecca; Pe, Madeline Lee; Ho, Ringo Ho Moon – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2011
Although mathematical pattern tasks are often found in elementary school curricula and are deemed a building block for algebra, a recent report (National Mathematics Advisory Panel, 2008) suggests the resources devoted to its teaching and assessment need to be rebalanced. We examined whether children's developing proficiency in solving algebraic…
Descriptors: Economically Disadvantaged, Achievement Tests, Short Term Memory, Word Problems (Mathematics)