The document, one in a series of seven reports from the Value of Children Project, discusses results of the survey in Hawaii. Specifically, the study investigated the social, psychological, and economic costs and benefits associated with having children. The volume is presented in seven chapters. Chapter I describes the background of the study and summarizes findings. Interviews were conducted with 620 male and female respondents equally representative of Caucasian, Japanese, and Filipino groups. The emotional benefit of watching children grow and guiding their development was a predominant value. The major disadvantages included emotional and economic costs and restrictions. Chapter II discusses the sample and methodology of the research. Chapter III details positive and negative values of children including reasons for wanting sons and daughters, general attitudes toward children, and reasons for wanting or not wanting another child. Chapter IV focuses on economic costs and benefits and Chapter V concerns family size and family planning. Chapter VI discusses the value of children within the social context. The final chapter presents population policy recommendations and implications for future research. Recommendations include creating alternatives for some of the emotional satisfactions children provide, augmenting benefits that provide economic security, and eliminating government policies which ease the financial burden of children. (KC)