Studying local and national population distribution, as well as economic and social patterns, is becoming crucial for educators who serve rapidly changing communities. School officials should take into consideration the tremendous diversity in cultures, economic and family situations, and educational levels existing within an ethnic group. Several social and economic patterns characterize today's student population: (1) low income, two-income, single-parent, and homeless families are all on the rise; and (2) drug and alcohol abuse, pregnancy, suicide, and teenage dropout rates continue to challenge school districts. School officials can investigate demographic changes in their district in several ways, but it is recommended to compare enrollment by grade level to establish migration rates. As a result of shifting cultural makeup of student enrollment, the nation's schools will have to create productive, multicultural environments and address issues of racism and ethnicity. Comprehensive help to at-risk and low-achieving students is recommended. (11 references) (SI)