This SPEC (Systems and Procedures Exchange Center) Kit reports results of a survey that examined how many Association of Research Libraries (ARL) libraries offer fee-based services to their external users, the procedures and organizational structures of such services, and the factors that contribute to a successful fee-based service program. For this survey, fee-based services were defined as library services provided for a fee to identifiable user groups that are not an institution's primary clientele. The survey was distributed to 121 ARL member libraries in April 2000, and 64 libraries (53%) responded. Of these, 39 (61%) indicated that they offer fee-based services as defined. However, 87% are offering fee-based services to external users without the guidance and benefit of a formal mission statement. Results are provided in following areas examined by the survey: Background; Fee-Based Service Methods and Procedures; Impact of Fee-Based Services; Promoting Fee-Based Services; Assessment and Evaluation of Fee-Based Services; and Future of Fee-Based Services. Representative documents from various universities are presented for: planning; policies and procedures; promotional materials; and job descriptions. A final section of selected resources includes books, journal articles, and Web sites. (AEF)