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Direct linkGandara, Patricia; Orfield, Gary – Teachers College Record, 2012
Background:This study grew out of a recent Supreme Court case known as "Horne v Flores." The case began in 1992 in Nogales, Arizona when a 4th grade English learner (EL), Miriam Flores, sued the district and the state for failing to provide her (and other EL students) with an appropriate education as guaranteed by the Equal Educational…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, At Risk Students, Educational Opportunities, Emotional Development
Download full textMartinez-Wenzl, Mary; Perez, Karla; Gandara, Patricia – Civil Rights Project / Proyecto Derechos Civiles, 2010
In the Horne v Flores Supreme Court decision of June 25, 2009, the Court wrote that one basis for finding Arizona in compliance with federal law regarding the education of its English learners was that the state had adopted a "significantly more effective" than bilingual education instructional model for EL students --Structured…
Descriptors: Educational Strategies, Federal Legislation, Bilingual Education, Academic Education
Garcia, Eugene E.; Lawton, Kerry; Diniz de Figueiredo, Eduardo H. – Civil Rights Project / Proyecto Derechos Civiles, 2010
This report reviews achievement gaps in both reading and math between ELL and non-ELL students in Arizona over the post-Proposition 203 period 2005-2009 and during the first year of implementation of the 4 hour ELD block, 2008-09. The study finds that Arizona has made little to no progress in closing the achievement gap between ELL and non-ELL…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Limited English Speaking, English (Second Language), Achievement Gap
