The Hazen Foundation authorized a study on the causes and implications of racial differences in academic motivation, with the longrun goal of improving higher educational opportunities for Negroes. The final phase of this study was a work conference by theorists and practitioners for discussion of the findings from two separate research methods. This book represents a synthesized presentation of the findings and discussion on the problem of motivation and the learning process. The papers presented at the work conference are the first several chapters of each section. These papers are: "Cultural deprivation theories: their social and psychological implications," Kenneth B. Clark; "Behavioral and environmental limits of change," Martin Deutsch; "Changing aspiration, images and identities," Hylan Lewis; "A review of the issues and literature of cultural deprivation theory," Kenneth B. Clark and Lawrence Plotkin; "Political and social limits of change," Francis Keppel; "The Metropolitan Education Park; its potential for change," Thomas F. Pettigrew; and, "Education for employment in human-service occupations," Frank Reissman and Alan Gartner. The papers are followed by an edited account of the debate on the ideas and findings presented. (JM)