Purpose: The author's interest in learning organisation development leads him to examine large French companies' practices regarding "high potential" executives policies and to question their selection and development processes and their capabilities to develop learning oriented organisations.The author also tries to explain why most large French companies are not yet familiar with this concept. Design/methodology/approach: An analysis of the managerial and leadership characteristics of the French elite, as well as of the way they are trained in French grandes ecoles and universities, can help to understand the kind of dominant style of leadership that features in the so called "high potential" executives in most large French companies. Findings: The criteria against which these French "high potential" executives are discriminated explains largely their still very traditional hierarchical and centralised leadership styles, that are not favourable to build the more learning oriented organisations of the future. In addition most of the management development programmes for these executives stem from the traditional hierarchical leadership models that do not foster the necessary changes. Research limitations/implications: This article is based on the results of several studies performed in France by organisational sociologists about the corporate elite and the "high potential" executives of large companies and their development policies. The author relies on his participation in field researches but also draws from his extensive professional experience and in-depth knowledge of these large organisations as consultant, trainer and speaker. Originality/value: This article provides a critical approach of the mainstream "high potential" model based on the learning organisation philosophy. It proposes another vision of the "high potential" executive concept that the author believes to be more adequate in facing up to the challenge of the HR management and leadership changes that most large French organisations will likely have to face in the future. It also raises the issue of the adequacy of the present leadership development offer of the higher management education system. Although slightly political it aims at generating a debate about the very concept of the "high potential" executive, which is a major key to the necessary changes in the people management and leadership practices for the organisations of the future. (Contains 4 figures.)