The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Records and Archives Management Programme (RAMP) works primarily to help developing countries meet archive and record management needs. This study is intended to inform archivists, curators, and users in the proper handling and care of archival materials. The publication includes: (l) a description of the context of conservation and preservation, including costs, approaches, and technology; (2) an overview of the varieties of archival materials and the kinds of care they may need; (3) a description of kinds of physical aids, reading room aids, copies, furnishings, and handling techniques for preservation; (4) a discussion of training users and staff for the care and handling of archival materials; and (5) guidelines for aids and training that will enhance preservation. (Contains 12 references.) (KRN)