Since its creation in 1965, Head Start has provided high quality early education and comprehensive support services to three- and four-year-olds in poor families. In addition to early learning opportunities, Head Start's comprehensive early childhood development program provides children and families with access to a range of services such as health screenings, referrals and follow-up support, parenting resources, and social services. As the result of the 2009 American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA), Head Start received $2.1 billion of which $1.1 billion was designated for Early Head Start. It was estimated that the funds would serve an additional 16,000 children over two years. This brief reports on 2010 Program Information Reports (PIR) data. This data will reflect the first of the two years that the ARRA funds will impact. This policy brief uses PIR data to describe the state of Head Start in 2010 and looks at the changes and trends that have developed from 1997 until now. The PIR data summarized in this brief provides contextual information for programs and advocates about Head Start programs and the children and families they serve. In this analysis we highlight changes since 2006, which is the last year that CLASP published a trend analysis of Head Start data. Head Start requires all grantees to submit a PIR annually to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). The PIR provides a snapshot of Head Start children, families, staff, and programs each program year. This brief looks at all children (birth to age 5) served through Head Start, including infants and toddlers in the Early Head Start program, children in the Migrant and Seasonal program, and children in the Head Start preschool program. (Contains 10 figures and 22 endnotes.)