The costs of the Department of Labor's Welfare-to-Work (WTW) grants program were analyzed by studying 18 WTW programs from 9 in-depth evaluation sites. The programs differed from the standpoints of their service locations, target populations, and service emphasis, and their costs variations were consistent with those differences. The 18 programs cost an estimated $22.6 million over 1 year, with per-program annual costs ranging from slightly more than $200,000 to more than $7 million. Average per-participant costs by dominant service approach were as follows: (1) enhanced direct employment programs emphasizing quick entry into employment but also offering preemployment preparation and outplacement assistance, $3,559; (2) transitional programs seeking to systematically enhance participants' employability, $4,346; (3) programs helping WTW participants prepare for jobs with employer partners, $4,513; and (4) postemployment services programs, $2,178. On average, WTW programs cost more than WIN (Work Incentives) models (average per-participant cost, $2,147), less than Supported Work (average per-participant cost, $11,572), and about the same as JOBS (Job Opportunities and Basic Skills) programs (average per-participant cost, $3,327). The following items are appended: profiles of WTW programs included in the cost analysis; background information on programs comparable to WTW; and a list of WTW in-depth evaluation sites not included in the cost analysis. (Contains 30 references and 21 tables.)(MN)