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Christensen, Rhonda R.; Knezek, Gerald A. – AERA Online Paper Repository, 2019
The Technology Proficiency Self Assessment (TPSA) has been used since 1997 in its original form with only a few minor modifications (changing Alta Vista as a search engine example to Google). The survey instrument has retained its reliability even in the evolving arena of educational technology. The survey has been translated to multiple languages…
Descriptors: Technological Literacy, Technology Integration, Elementary School Teachers, Middle School Teachers
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Funa, Aaron A.; Prudente, Maricar S. – International Journal of Instruction, 2021
Preparing students for the real challenges in life is one of the most important goals in education. Constructivism is an approach that uses real-life experiences to construct knowledge. Problem-Based Learning (PBL), for almost five decades now, has been the most innovative constructivist pedagogy used worldwide. However, with the rising…
Descriptors: Science Instruction, Problem Based Learning, Instructional Effectiveness, Secondary School Students