Alexander, Schallert, and Reynolds's (2009/this issue) "what," "where," "who," and "when" framework situates different perspectives on learning in different places in this multidimensional space and by doing so helps us to better understand seemingly disparate approaches to learning. The framework is in need of a fifth, "why" dimension. The "why" dimension helps to place learning within an evolutionary and cultural perspective and to better understand students' motivation to learn and their preferences for what, where, and how to learn.