Purpose: This study aims to present improvisation training and experimentation as an alternative method to deal with unexpected events in which structured processes do not seem to work. Design/Methodology/Approach: Based on the literature of sensemaking and improvisation, the study designs a framework and process model of experimental learning supported by a case study of Brazilian Government agents involved in an experimental process of learning fundamental for interacting with scenarios that require improvisation. Findings: This study supports the proposition that improvisation capability can be improved through experimental learning to generate better decision-making in uncertainty. In the case study, the lessons and group experiences of the experimental learning course helped agents to build tools to deal with events that required improvisation. Research Limitations/Implications: This study investigated only one case and recommends that the framework of experimental learning that this study developed be extended to other organizations. Originality/Value: This study provides a framework and a process model for analyzing complex situations and context that require improvisation and suggests another way for leaders to deal with uncertain scenarios.