Unfortunately, high schools are an afterthought in Title I, the federal government's primary source of support for educating low-income students. Only 10 percent of Title I funding supports high school students, while high schools educate almost one-fourth of the nation's low-income students. Nearly 1,300 high-poverty high schools are not even eligible for Title I. Policymakers have known for some time that Title I places high schools at a disadvantage and have proposed improvements to better serve low-income high schools. For example, in its blueprint for the reauthorization of the No Child Left Behind Act, the Bush administration proposed to increase the share of Title I funding given to high schools. As Congress reauthorizes the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA), it should seize the opportunity to strengthen the reform mechanism within Title I to better meet the needs of the nation's high schools, without causing harm to elementary schools. Pending legislation and other written proposals have outlined the key elements that need to be included in federally supported high school reform efforts. The purpose of this paper is to explain the disadvantages that low-income/high-poverty high schools face within the existing Title I program and to present options for strengthening the distribution of Title I funds to high schools, without harming elementary schools, so that they will receive the attention and resources necessary to graduate students on time and ready for college and careers. Appended are: (1) High Poverty High Schools Not Eligible for Title I; and (2) Dropout Factories Not Eligible for Title I. (Contains 24 endnotes.)