This literature review examines the evidence base of the Breakthrough Series Collaborative (BSC) to better understand its outputs and outcomes, as well as the contextual factors that may support success. The review's findings will be incorporated into the next phase of the "Culture of Continuous Learning (CCL) Project," which includes a feasibility study to examine the implementation of the BSC in both Head Start and child care settings. Literature included in this review included peer-reviewed research articles, policy briefs, research reports, and white papers. The literature cited in this review was published between 1998 and 2016. Sections I through V of this report include a mix of literature related to the BSC and other quality improvement methods relevant for early childhood, while Section V includes literature specific to the outcomes related to BSC implementation. The literature search specific to the BSC identified 49 articles, of which 34 included a focus on BSC outcomes. These articles largely focused on studies conducted in the health care field. Overall, the literature examining the implementation and outcomes indicates that the BSC methodology has consistent evidence of improving practices in healthcare, child welfare, and mental health service provision by facilitating the implementation of evidence-based practices (EBP) and building the infrastructure to support quality improvement efforts. The literature suggests that the CCL Project may need to: (1) Support buy-in and engagement in the BSC at multiple levels of the system; (2) Ensure supports for implementation, including training, supervision, and data systems; (3) Develop strategies for building capacity to engage in the improvement process at all levels; (4) Examine ongoing incentives for supporting participation in the initiative; and (5) Identify strategies for trouble-shooting common problems that arise.