This document records testimony from a hearing before the Subcommittee on Early Childhood, Elementary, and Secondary Education that was held to discuss exploring opportunities to strengthen education research while protecting student privacy. Member statements were presented by: (1) Honorable Jared Polis, Ranking Member, Subcommittee on Early Childhood, Elementary, and Secondary Education; and (2) Honorable Todd Rokita, Chairman, Subcommittee on Early Childhood, Elementary, and Secondary Education. Witness statements were presented by: (1) Dr. Nathaniel Schwartz, Chief, Research and Strategy Officer, Tennessee Department of Education; (2) Ms. Rachael Stickland, Co-Founder and Co-Chair, Parent Coalition for Student Privacy; (3) Dr. Grover J. Whitehurst, Senior Fellow in Economic Studies, Center on Children and Families, the Brookings Institution; and (4) Dr. Diane Whitmore Schanzenbach, Director, The Hamilton Project, The Brookings Institution. Additional submissions were presented by: (1) Mr. Polis: Letter dated May 8, 2014, from the U.S. Department of Justice; and Information on the Rights of All Children to Enroll in School: Questions and Answers for States, School Districts and Parents; (2) Chairman Rokita: Letter dated June 27, 2017, from the Electronic Privacy Information Center; (3) Ms. Stickland: Prepared statement; (4) Questions submitted for the record by: Roe, Honorable David P., a Representative in Congress from the State of Tennessee; and (5) Responses to questions submitted for the record to: Dr. Schanzenbach, Dr. Schwartz, and Dr. Whitehurst.