In 2014, President Obama and the American Indian Education Study Group called for major changes to the U.S. Bureau of Indian Education (BIE), which has been under increasing criticism for the continued low performance of AI students within its jurisdiction (American Indian Education Study Group, 2014). Among these changes are shifts in BIE governance of schools, expanded partnerships with the private sector, and federal payment for BIE teachers to become certified through the National Board of Professional Teaching Standards (Maxwell, 2014). This report reviews recent research and publications on AI student outcomes, as part of CSAI's efforts to support diverse learners, including AI students. It discusses AI demographics, academic achievement, types of schools attended, high school graduation rates, college and career readiness, absenteeism, suspension, expulsion, coursework, diverse needs, school climate, international similarities, and student beliefs. The paper concludes with a brief discussion of the 2015 Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) and its possible implications for AI education.