This report from the Community College Research Center sheds light on the current policies and practices that shape "dual enrollment" efforts in California. The report, funded by The James Irvine Foundation, demonstrates the feasibility of using dual enrollment programs to enhance college and career pathways for low-income youth who are struggling academically or who are within populations historically underrepresented in higher education. Dual enrollment programs offer high school students opportunities to take challenging college-level courses on a high school or college campus and earn college credits. Research suggests that career-focused dual enrollment programs can improve secondary and postsecondary academic outcomes for a variety of students. Specifically, this report is intended to inform educators, policymakers, administrators and researchers about current policies and practices that shape dual enrollment in California. The report clarifies current policy and shares examples of existing programs that are successfully providing college credit opportunities to California high school students. The report provides an overview of various program models, reviews the research on dual enrollment, summarizes the policies pertaining to dual enrollment in California and discusses how this information has informed the development of the Concurrent Courses initiative funded by The James Irvine Foundation. (Contains 23 endnotes and links providing information on dual enrollment policy and practices both in California and nationwide.)