Public education is the most important investment America makes in its future, a tangible expression of values and aspirations for society. Schools profoundly influence how students understand themselves, the roles and responsibilities they are expected to fulfill, and the country they will collectively create. A vision for public education is an essential touchstone for aligning strategies and actions to purpose and mission. A rich vision for public education is needed that meets this moment and offers all young people an opportunity to experience a sense of belonging and prepares them to participate fully in American society, civic life, and work. The Aspen Institute Education & Society Program's We Are What We Teach proposes three primary and interdependent areas of focus to advance this vision for public education: (1) developing a healthy sense of self that supports students to understand who they are and how to make the most of their talents and passions; (2) preparing students to engage effectively in American democracy and civic life; and (3) enabling students to thrive in the world of work. Individually, each of these areas of focus for schools, or foundational purposes of schooling, is vital but incomplete. Addressing them in isolation inevitably leads to fragmented, siloed initiatives. A holistic, unifying vision forges coherence across the many strategies that have a role in improving public education.