The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the U.S. education system in both immediate and long-term ways, calling into question how K-12 accountability will function in the 2020-21 school year and well into the future. States face considerable uncertainty about how to meet federal and state accountability requirements for this school year and beyond. It is unclear whether and how states can administer state assessments for students attending school virtually, and many accountability requirements are on hold given the unprecedented disruptions. School and policy leaders recognize the singularity of this moment: not only must they lead through a crisis, but they can plant the seeds for future systems that better meet the needs of all students. This brief presents a set of ideas and themes to begin to inform those challenges. It provides insights from national experts on education policy representing a diverse set of perspectives. The proposals are primarily taken and edited from a roundtable discussion with a state leader who asked a simple question: Should their state hold schools accountable this year? And if so, how? The resulting discussion included a range of thoughtful and creative ideas. There was, by no means, perfect agreement, but there were important common threads. Both the tensions and commonalities are shared to provoke further discussion. [Contributing authors to this report include: Elizabeth Chu, Chester E. Finn, Jr., Virgel Hammonds, Patricia Levesque, Jennifer Bell-Ellwanger, Laura Jimenez, Eric Lerum, Mike Magee, and Mike Petrilli.]