Research shows that school functioning and student achievement often suffer when effective principals leave their schools and that principal retention is related to the conditions they experience in five areas: working conditions, compensation, accountability, decision-making authority, and professional learning. A recent NASSP-LPI study examined reasons for principal turnover using a national survey supplemented by focus groups that asked principals about the conditions in their schools and their intentions to leave their positions. This brief summarizes the study findings and suggests specific strategies that districts, states, and the federal government may want to consider to address factors most likely to influence principal mobility. [For the full report, see ED606481.]