While there are multiple types of programs subsidizing private education--including traditional vouchers, tax credit scholarships, and education savings account programs--they all share a common economic effect: diverting public money away from public schools to subsidize private education. The Center for American Progress believes that public money should fund public schools, whether they are neighborhood schools, magnet or specialty programs in traditional school districts, or public charter schools that are open to all students and accountable to the public. Given that hundreds of thousands of students are currently enrolled in private schools with the support of vouchers, it may not be realistic for policymakers to eliminate such programs. This document details a number of other options that could limit their growth or improve the transparency and accountability of programs that already exist. They include: (1) Phase out voucher programs and eliminate access to local funding; (2) Reduce income limits for program participation; (3) Increase accountability and transparency of existing programs; (4) Protect students' rights and ensure actual parental choice; and (5) Change the rules for tax credit scholarship programs. The Center believes that if taxpayer money does go to support private schools, those schools should be open, transparent, and accountable to the public in return for the public funding they receive. In states where it is not realistic to eliminate private school voucher programs, the recommendations outlined in this document provide guidelines to curtail opportunities for abuse and offer policy alternatives to improve the investment of public resources.