Research tells us that children need safe, nurturing, predictable environments to developing a healthy way and to thrive. Yet with recent changes in immigration policies and increased enforcement activities, children of undocumented parents, many of whom are U.S. citizens, increasingly live in fear that family members may be arrested, incarcerated, or deported. Research suggests that exposure to circumstances that produce such persistent fear and chronic anxiety entail significant risk for adverse long-term outcomes. Such adversities in childhood are powerful predictors of health conditions and early-onset mental illness. This brief summarizes "Applying a Community Violence Framework to Understand the Impact of Immigration Enforcement Threat on Latino Children. Social Policy Report. Volume 31, Number 3" (ED595492).