This report describes the population of young children in Durham, North Carolina, through the lenses of socioeconomics, health and education. When helpful in highlighting areas of strength or concern, data on Durham's children are compared with their counterparts statewide. The report also shows how particular groups within the overall population face special challenges that policymakers should consider in making determinations about how best to improve community services for young children. One plan of action may not work for the entire community. The report is intended to be a tool for informing policy and community decisions. Contents include: (1) Introduction; (2) Recommendations for the Community; (3) Socioeconomics; (4) Adverse Childhood Experiences; (5) Birth and Maternal Health; (6) Early Childhood; (7) Kindergarten to Grade 3; (8) Data; and (9) References.