Afterschool programs offer an important avenue for enhancing educational opportunities. Federal, state, and local educational authorities increasingly see them as environments to improve attitudes toward school, achievement, and academic performance (Fashola, 2002; Hollister, 2003) with higher levels of student participation and engagement in these programs correlated to even greater improvements (Huang, Leon, La Torre, & Mostafavi, 2008; Mahoney, Lord, & Carryl, 2005). This is particularly true among low-performing, underserved, or at-risk students who can benefit greatly from additional academic help and social support (Afterschool Alliance, 2003; Munoz, 2002). However, not all programs are equally effective, and no program can be effective if students only attend sporadically (Granger & Kane, 2004). Research has suggested that student engagement in afterschool programs--as indicated by their sense of belonging to and their interest in the programs--may be an important contributor to the program's influence on their achievement, behaviors (Arbreton et al., 2008), and regular attendance (Finn, 1992). Consequently, federal, state, and private organizations including the Verizon Foundation have provided ample financial support to afterschool programs in recent years. Six appendices are included: (1) Student Survey; (2) Observation Protocol; (3) Demonstration Site Interview Protocol; (4) Comparison Site Interview Protocol; (5) Sample Summer Training Schedule; and (6) Program Activities by Type and Site. (Contains 16 tables and 27 footnotes.) [This report was supported by grant number 021891 from LA's BEST.]