A 1995 General Accounting Office (GAO) study found that about one-third of schools nationwide serving 14 million students reported needing extensive repair or replacement of one or more buildings. This document presents findings of a GAO followup study that identified the differences in the: (1) condition of schools; (2) amount of funding needed to repair or upgrade facilities; and (3) number of students attending schools in inadequate condition by the following: location (state and region), community type, percentage of minority and poor students, and school level and size. Data were obtained from a nationally representative sample of about 10,000 public schools in over 5,000 associated school districts. The sample was derived from the Department of Education's 1993-94 Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS) and elicited a 78 percent response rate. The bulk of the study was conducted between January 1994 and February 1995, with additional analyses conducted through May 1996. Data show that although two-thirds of schools reported to be in satisfactory condition are found in every state, the one-third of schools reportedly not in satisfactory condition are also found in every state. Schools in unsatisfactory condition are concentrated, however, in central cities and serve large populations of poor or minority students. Some states have above-average expenditures to repair and upgrade school facilities, but all states are affected. Similarly, virtually all communities, even some of the wealthiest, are grappling with how to address school infrastructure needs while balancing them with other community priorities. Four figures are included. Appendices contain technical notes; data on the condition of buildings and building features, environmental conditions, estimated funding needs, and spending for federal mandates; a copy of the questionnaire; and a list of GAO contacts and acknowledgments. (LMI)