This research report examines 10-year results of the Illinois Valedictorian Project, a program that has followed 81 high-achieving high school valedictorians for 10 years following their high school graduation. It describes the study's sampling and study methods; presents the findings from the first 5 years and the status of the study group at 10-year followup; and considers academic, attitude, and career outcomes of the group as a whole and various subgroups. Among the report's findings was that the valedictorians were highly successful in their undergraduate study earning a mean grade point average of 3.6 on a 4-point scale and earning many scholastic honors. Of those completing graduate study, more than half were employed in science, math, engineering, and business careers. Other findings revealed that only one student of color completed graduate school, only women entered medical school, men outnumbered women in law school, and female valedictorians pursued PhD programs in a wider variety of fields than did male valedictorians. Black and Hispanic valedictorians achieved lower levels of education than the study group as a whole. About a quarter of the valedictorians are now at top professional levels for their age. The study shows a strong connection between top academic achievement in high school and similar achievement in college. Appendices provide details of the project's research methodology. Contains 29 references. A separately-published 4-page "Executive Summary" is appended. (GLR)