The work of behavioral scientists and philosophers on value measurement is discussed, including a review of issues, controversies, and several attempts to measure values. The author points out vast disagreement in existing literature about value measurement, definitions of measurement and values in general, and the meaning of the scientific method. In this book measurement theory is regarded in its transactional context as an effort to facilitate prediction and control. In a comparison of subjective and objective bases for value measurement, the introspective technique requiring questionnaires and the direct study of striving behavior are described. Representative social and psychological attempts at value measurement are presented, including rank order techniques and inquiries which study both "surface" manifestations and "depth" factors. In a consideration of utility, rationality, and formal approaches to values, the author points out weaknesses in the descriptive, prescriptive, and normative approaches taken by formal models. Theories treating values as objects of interests and selective systems and as preferences and need satisfactions are explored, also. (AV)