The 1969 Invitational Conference on Testing Problems had as its theme "Toward a Theory of Achievement Measurement." Papers presented in Session I, The Nature of Educational Achievement, were: (1) "Concepts of Achievement and Proficiency" by William E. Coffman; (2) "The Functions and Uses of Educational Measurement" by Winton H. Manning; (3) "Social Consequences of Educational Measurement" by Edgar Z. Friedenberg; and (4) discussion by Chester H. Harris. Papers presented in Session II, The Measurement of Educational Achievement, were: (1) "Validation of Educational Measures" by Lee J. Cronbach; (2) "Integration of Test Design and Analysis" by Louis Guttman; (3) "Knowledge vs. Ability in Achievement Testing" by Robert L. Ebel; and (4) discussion by Goldine C. Gleser. Papers presented in SessionIII, Measuring the Performance of Systems and Programs, were: (1) "Systems Analysis of Education" by Thomas K. Glennan, Jr.; (2) "The Role of Evaluative Research" read by Louis Guttman for the late Edward A. Suchman; (3) "Controlled Experimentation: Why Seldom Used in Evaluation?" by Julian C. Stanley; (4) "Accountability in Public Education" by Leon M. Lessinger; and (5) discussion by Michael Scriven and Robert H. Ennis. (KM)