This study developed a test to measure Anticipated Communicative Anxiety (ACA), the tendency of persons to expect to be anxious or frightened when they must express themselves orally. First, it was found that ACA could be both reliably and validly measured by a test on which subjects were asked to estimate on a seven-point scale how much fear they expected to feel in classroom public speaking or in panel discussions. Second, it was found that ACA is multidimensional, with three situational variables--size of audience, status of the person addressed, and defensive situations. Third, it was found that ACA differs between men and women in its role in personality structure, its dimensionality, and in responses to individual test items. For men high ACA is associated with simple nervous tension, whereas with women it is associated with intelligence, guilt proneness, emotional stability, and conservatism of temperament. (Author/RN)